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Z-YVAD-FMK br Experimental procedure br Funding
2024-02-19
Experimental procedure Funding The present study was supported by the Grant Russian Foundation for basic research (project no. 16-04-01517). Introduction 5-HT, a monoaminergic neurotransmitter, is synthesised from l-tryptophan catalysed by the enzymes tryptophan hydroxylase (Tph) and aroma
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Zinc protoporphyrin IX Although the effects of adenosine rec
2024-02-19
Although the effects of adenosine receptor signaling in acute renal IRI have been attributed to the generation of high concentrations of adenosine, we have recently reported an increase in kidney levels of both AMP and adenosine, with a concomitant fall in ATP and ADP. We have also previously demons
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br Conclusion br Conflicts of interest br Introduction Enzym
2024-02-19
Conclusion Conflicts of interest Introduction Enzymes are widely applied as biocatalysts in fields such as synthetic chemistry [1], pharmaceuticals [2], environmental treatment [3], and food technology [4] because they can catalyze chemical transformations in a highly selective manner under
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br Discussion Myopathic EMG changes are frequently
2024-02-19
Discussion Myopathic EMG changes are frequently detected in patients with MuSK MG, unlike in AChR MG patients [10]. However, these EMG changes are not always accompanied by myopathic histopathological findings. It has been shown that mitochondrial abnormalities seem to be more prominent in MuSK M
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These results from the present study are
2024-02-19
These results from the present study are summarized in Table 1. Eight drugs (doxorubicin, epirubicin, daunorubicin, idarubicin, irinotecan, imatinib, sunitinib and gefitinib) inhibited 5-HT-induced 5-HT3A and 5-HT3AB currents; three (irinotecan, topotecan and mitoxantrone) showed different responses
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In addition to the above
2024-02-19
In addition to the above-mentioned synaptic mechanisms, the serotonergic system also has a critical role in the antidepressant effects of mGlu2/3 receptor antagonists. Indeed, we previously reported that mGlu2/3 receptor antagonists increased the firing rate of serotonin neurons in the dorsal raphe
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It has also been reported that defects in
2024-02-19
It has also been reported that defects in ATM or ATR signalling are synthetically lethal with PARP inhibition (Turner et al., 2008, Peasland et al., 2011, Yap et al., 2011, Michels et al., 2014), suggesting that combined inhibition of PARP and ATM or ATR may be an effective therapeutic strategy. In
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Knowledge about adipose tissue has evolved considerably
2024-02-19
Knowledge about adipose tissue has evolved considerably over the last two decades. Always been described as an inert tissue having the function of stocking lipids, adipose tissue is now recognized as a real organ with both metabolic and endocrine functions secreting various factors into the blood to
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Pathological angiogenesis occurs when an imbalance of
2024-02-19
Pathological angiogenesis occurs when an imbalance of endogenous proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors occurs. Although the focus of angiogenesis-related drug development has been geared to the discovery of antiangiogenic compounds for use in pathologies where excessive angiogenesis occurs (cance
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br Applications of ATN in
2024-02-18
Applications of ATN in clinical trials In pivotal trials, the use of biomarkers will also have to be considered in the context of regulatory risk and scrutiny. Although an important intended application of the framework is in research studies, its use will undoubtedly impact clinical development
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AP activation is known to upregulate downstream target
2024-02-10
AP-1 activation is known to upregulate downstream target genes including etomoxir D1, c-myc, Bcl-xl, MMP-9, EGFR, and specific miRNAs that are involved in progression and metastasis of tumors. Moreover, matrix metalloproteinase-2 has been shown as a downstream gene of AP-1, triggered by 15-HETE in
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Although the exact mechanisms are
2024-02-10
Although the exact mechanisms are not fully understood, IGF-1 is tightly linked with ER and estrogen actions and a crosstalk occurs between these two systems in breast cancer. To illustrate this close relationship, studies have identified a synergy between IGF-1 and estrogen in gamma-Glu-Cys express
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br Acknowledgments and Disclosures br
2024-02-09
Acknowledgments and Disclosures Alzheimer's disease as a synaptic pathology Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative 6-Aminonicotinamide disorder and the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. Progressive depositions of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles togethe
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A more versatile cellular delivery system
2024-02-09
A more versatile cellular delivery system for adenosine was generated by engineering mouse embryonic stem cells to lack both CCG-100602 of Adk (Fedele et al., 2004). Using a step-wise differentiation protocol (Okabe et al., 1996) Adk−/− ES cells were differentiated into transplantable adenosine-rele
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A more versatile cellular delivery system
2024-02-09
A more versatile cellular delivery system for adenosine was generated by engineering mouse embryonic stem cells to lack both alkaline phosphatase inhibitor of Adk (Fedele et al., 2004). Using a step-wise differentiation protocol (Okabe et al., 1996) Adk−/− ES cells were differentiated into transpla
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