• High concentrations of kC may also arise from dietary

  2020-01-22

  

  High concentrations of 7kC may also arise from dietary intake of processed cholesterol-rich food, likely favoring or worsening inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) [5,13]. Furthermore, IBD has been associated with a dysregulation of colonic 11β-HSD expression, exhibiting increased 11β-HSD1 and decreased

• EBI and its ligand s EBI was found

  2020-01-22

  

  EBI2 and its ligand(s) EBI2 was found in a screen of upregulated genes in human B cells upon infection with EBV [1]. EBI2 is a G-protein (Gαi type) coupled receptor [2] but as long as 18 years after its discovery the nature of its ligand remained undisclosed. With the help of transfected cell lines

• All components of the UPP

  2020-01-22

  

  All components of the UPP were predicted to be susceptible to oxidative stress due to the cysteine residues in their active sites [36]. Curcusone D inhibits DUBs but has no significant effect on the action of E1, E2s, E3s, or the proteasome, which indicates that the targets of the ROS induced by cur

• br Materials and methods br Results br

  2020-01-21

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Our previous investigation demonstrated that some genes in the latex that were involved in rubber biosynthesis were regulated by exogenous JA, and Hbvp1 is one of the JA-responsive genes in the latex of rubber trees [23]. In this study, the Hbvp1 enc

• This research was funded by grants from the National Institu

  2020-01-21

  

  This research was funded by grants from the National Institute on Aging (2R01AG017141-06A2) and the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (P01AT002034). We also acknowledge the facilities service core of the Environmental Health Science Center (NIEHS ES00240). The authors would

• br Genomic and non genomic signaling

  2020-01-21

  

  Genomic and non-genomic signaling crosstalk As exemplified in the previous sections, it is evident that the mechanisms of action of estrogen in the various cell targets represent a combination of complex multifactorial processes. Besides the independent genomic and non-genomic pathways described

• br Introduction Maintaining the normal function

  2020-01-21

  

  Introduction Maintaining the normal function of fetal trophoblasts is essential for a successful pregnancy. Preeclampsia (PE), a pregnancy-specific disorder, is often associated with excessive trophoblast cell apoptosis and superficial trophoblast invasion leading to insufficient spiral artery re

• Key molecules in the EP second messenger signaling cascade

  2020-01-21

  

  Key molecules in the EP1 second messenger signaling cascade that are necessary for potentiation of GluK2/GluK5 were identified. We also identified three GluK5 serines located in a membrane-proximal C-terminal domain that, when mutated to the phosphomimetic aspartate and expressed with GluK2, rendere

• What are the molecular signals that guide Tfh cells

  2020-01-21

  

  What are the molecular signals that guide Tfh cells as they navigate around the lymph node in the course of the immune response? It was recently reported that Tfh cells inside GCs have high expression of SIPR2, which acts to repel them from the S1P-rich lymph in the SCS and promote their retention i

• Information on the mechanism by which parasite infections pr

  2020-01-21

  

  Information on the mechanism by which parasite infections promote ECM degradation is limited (McKerrow et al., 1983; Andrade, 1994; Lu and Lai, 2013; Thibeaux et al., 2014). The interaction of plasminogen-plasmin with proteins of microorganisms, including bacteria, has been suggested to play a key r

• br Assessing DUB activity The Ub field has

  2020-01-21

  

  Assessing DUB activity The Ub field has benefited greatly from the past efforts of biochemists and chemical biologists who have reconstituted Ub signals in vitro and generated tools for capturing or measuring DUB activities, many of which can be readily produced or are commercially available (Ekk

• Organometallic compounds exhibited remarkable potential for

  2020-01-21

  

  Organometallic compounds exhibited remarkable potential for the development of new cancer drugs not only due to the direct cytotoxicity but also to the drug targeting and active anticancer immune response ability [4]. Among the organometallic compounds, ferrocene is one of the most well-known compou

• The larger eukaryotic ligases such as LigI and

  2020-01-21

  

  The larger eukaryotic ligases, such as LigI and LigIV, also possess an additional N-terminal DNA-binding domain (DBD) that is required for efficient ligation (Fig. 1c) and enables these ligases to encircle DNA [17]. An equivalent helix–hairpin–helix domain is also present in the bacterial NAD-depend

• Aspergillus nigerA niger is another filamentous fungus

  2020-01-21

  

  Aspergillus nigerA. niger is another filamentous fungus, in which alternative dehydrogenases have been described. Filamentous fungi are a very important group of microorganisms that are used in industry (O’Donnell et al. 2011). Biotechnological production processes using these organisms are often hi

• The recombinant Scl collagen system has shown capability as

  2020-01-21

  

  The recombinant Scl2 collagen system has shown capability as a biomaterial as well because of its adaptability and scalability. Scl2 was functionalized to crosslink into a hydrogel without disrupting its triple helix [130]. The Scl2–hydrogel crosslinking also did not disrupt cell adhesion and integr

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